An Empirical-Juridical Review of Authority Coordination among BP Batam, the Indonesian National Armed Forces, and the Indonesian National Police in Securing Vital Objects in Batam Free Trade Zone and Free Port

Abstract

This study analyzes the coordination of authority among BP Batam, the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI), and the Indonesian National Police (Polri) in securing vital objects within the Batam Free Trade Zone and Free Port. The study is grounded in Batam's strategic position as an area that integrates industrial, commercial, transportation, investment, public service, and state asset management functions. It employs an empirical-juridical method using statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches. Data were obtained through regulatory review, institutional document analysis, and examination of security practices in the area. The findings show that BP Batam holds administrative authority to safeguard assets and strategic areas, Polri is responsible for public security and law enforcement, while TNI may provide support in specific situations within the national defense framework. The findings further indicate that the diversity of vital objects in Batam requires a risk-based security model rather than a uniform operational pattern. The main constraints include the absence of an optimal role matrix, limited integration of data on risk-prone points, insufficient standards for operational documentation, and underdeveloped inter-agency procedures. This study recommends strengthening integrated standard operating procedures, establishing a vital-object database, clarifying operational task allocation, and conducting periodic evaluations. Such a model is essential to ensure the lawfulness of action, institutional accountability, state asset protection, and the stability of Batam as a strategic area. Academically, this article extends state administrative law scholarship by positioning vital-object security as a problem of authority coordination that requires procedural certainty.